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tag membrane proteins immunology microbiology

A computer-generated graphic showing a cross-section of red-colored bacteria, with the locations of the protein APOL3 labeled in green.
Human Protein Dissolves Bacterial Membranes
Abby Olena, PhD | Jul 15, 2021 | 4 min read
The protein, apolipoprotein L3, destroys invading microbes by acting as a detergent in the cytosol.
<em>Chlamydia</em> invades a host cell, forms a membrane-bound vacuole, or inclusion, and then modifies the protein composition of the structure&rsquo;s membrane. If immune cells detect <em>Chlamydia</em> before it forms the inclusion, they trigger T cells to produce interferon-&gamma; (IFN-&gamma;), a powerful cytokine. IFN-&gamma; activates the protein mysterin (also called RFN213), which attaches ubiquitin to the inclusion membrane, signaling the cell to destroy the inclusion&rsquo;s contents by dumping them into a lysosome (left). C. trachomatis produces GarD, a protein that integrates into the inclusion membrane itself and somehow prevents mysterin from attaching ubiquitin, allowing the bacterium to evade immune destruction while continuing to multiply and eventually bursting from the cell (right).
Infographic: How Chlamydia Evades Immune Detection
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Jan 2, 2023 | 2 min read
Chlamydia trachomatis, the bacterium that causes chlamydia, hides from the immune system by cloaking itself in the host cell’s membrane then modifying the membrane’s protein composition.
Measuring Membrane Proteins with Mass-Sensitive Particle Tracking
The Scientist Creative Services Team in collaboration with Refeyn | May 26, 2021 | 2 min read
Researchers will discuss a new mass photometry method that characterizes molecules in their native state on supported lipid bilayers.
A needle drawing up fluid from an unlabeled vial.
Cancer Vaccination as a Promising New Treatment Against Tumors
Shelby Bradford, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 10+ min read
Vaccination has beaten back infections for more than a century. Now, it may be the next big step in battling cancer.
Mucosal Vaccines Protect Mice from Viruses, Cancer
Emma Yasinski | Jun 1, 2021 | 2 min read
Scientists use a protein found in mucus membranes to ferry vaccines to the lymph nodes.
Identifying Antibodies that Target Membrane Proteins in Their Native Conformations
The Scientist Creative Services Team in collaboration with OXGENE | May 10, 2021 | 2 min read
A new mammalian display platform enhances antibody discovery for challenging protein targets.
Rendered image of <em>Chlamydia</em>
How Chlamydia Guards Itself Against the Immune System
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Jan 2, 2023 | 4 min read
The bacterium produces a particular protein that allows it to sneak past the human immune system even while triggering inflammation.
Epithelial cells and fungal spores are marked with fluorescent dyes. Cells have an irregular shape and are shown in green and blue colors. Spores are spherical in shape and are labeled green if they are surrounded by p11 protein. A protein in mature phagosomes is labeled violet.
Fungal Spores Hijack a Host Protein to Escape Death
Mariella Bodemeier Loayza Careaga, PhD | Jun 20, 2023 | 3 min read
Uncovering the components used by Aspergillus fumigatus to avoid intracellular destruction broadens our understanding of the mold’s pathogenesis. 
Bugs as Drugs to Boost Cancer Therapy
Danielle Gerhard, PhD | Jan 18, 2024 | 7 min read
Bioengineered bacteria sneak past solid tumor defenses to guide CAR T cells’ attacks.
amoeba Entamoeba histolytica trogocytosis human cell surface protein
Image of the Day: Amoeba Nibbles
Chia-Yi Hou | May 2, 2019 | 1 min read
A pathogenic amoeba species ingests parts of human cells and steals human cell membrane proteins to display on its own surface.

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