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tag sex chromosome culture disease medicine

bacteria and DNA molecules on a purple background.
Engineering the Microbiome: CRISPR Leads the Way
Mariella Bodemeier Loayza Careaga, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 10+ min read
Scientists have genetically modified isolated microbes for decades. Now, using CRISPR, they intend to target entire microbiomes.
Illustration showing a puzzle piece of DNA being removed
Large Scientific Collaborations Aim to Complete Human Genome
Brianna Chrisman and Jordan Eizenga | Sep 1, 2022 | 10+ min read
Thirty years out from the start of the Human Genome Project, researchers have finally finished sequencing the full 3 billion bases of a person’s genetic code. But even a complete reference genome has its shortcomings.
Genes that Escape Silencing on the Second X Chromosome May Drive Disease
Amber Dance | Mar 1, 2020 | 10+ min read
When X-linked genes evade silencing on the “inactive” chromosome in XX cells, some protect women from diseases such as cancer, but others seem to promote conditions such as autoimmunity.
Studying Differences Between the Sexes May Spur Improvements in Medicine
Mary-lou Pardue | Jul 8, 2001 | 3 min read
It's hard to believe that only a little over two decades ago, the U.S. government issued guidelines recommending that pharmaceutical companies exclude women of childbearing age from participating in clinical trials. Now the National Institutes of Health has an office devoted to women's health research, and more women are being included in critical medical research. That is progress, to be sure. But it has become increasingly clear that to improve medicine for both men and women, more also needs
X and Y Chromosomes Concern More Than Reproduction
Karen Young Kreeger | Feb 3, 2002 | 6 min read
Editor's Note: This is the third article in a series on sex-based differences in the biology of males and females. Future articles in the series will cover sex-based differences in autoimmunity, drug metabolism, and life expectancy. While responses to "What's the difference between men and women?" might evoke answers about reproductive plumbing and hormones, researchers are unearthing some subtle, genomic reasons for the differences. So far, the linchpins to finding these genomic variations seem
Telomeres in Disease
Rodrigo Calado and Neal Young | May 1, 2012 | 10+ min read
Telomeres have been linked to numerous diseases over the years, but how exactly short telomeres cause diseases and how medicine can prevent telomere erosion are still up for debate.
Sex Differences in the Brain
Margaret M. McCarthy | Oct 1, 2015 | 10+ min read
How male and female brains diverge is a hotly debated topic, but the study of model organisms points to differences that cannot be ignored.
Contributors
The Scientist Staff | May 1, 2012 | 2 min read
Meet some of the people featured in the April 2012 issue of The Scientist.
cancer more common in men
Why Is Cancer More Common in Men Than in Women?
Jef Akst | Apr 1, 2019 | 4 min read
The molecular processes that lead males to be more susceptible to the disease are only beginning to come to light.
The Science Of Sex: What Is It And Who's Doing It?
Neeraja Sankaran | Mar 20, 1994 | 9 min read
Although it is a widespread field of study, sex research-- particularly that dealing with human sexuality--is still subject to stigma, many scientists agree. "It's okay to use sex for advertising--Pepsi, beer, and Calvin Klein jeans--but when it comes to research, sex is still a bad word," says Robert Friar, a professor at Ferris State University in Big Rapids, Mich., where he teaches anatomy and physiology and a course on human s

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