How long before the United States reforms its policies regarding skilled technical professional immigration? There is the typical lifetime salary and benefit reduction of $1 million (US) for millions of high skilled American scientists, engineers, and programmers who have been permanently displaced from the fields they trained in by cheap, pliant foreign labor, often from third-world nations, who labor under conditions of quasi-indentured servitude. Their employer-designed work visas are conditioned on the immigrants being continuously employed. Employers and immigration attorneys have praised the "remarkable loyalty" of H-1B visa holders.