There is growing evidence that small RNA's believed to play an antiviral defense role in many organisms, may be acting as doubleagents. In March 2004, an international team of scientists reported that viroids, small infectious particles of naked RNA, may be employing RNA-silencing machinery to work their damage.
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Several weeks later, another international team announced the discovery of microRNAs in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), suggesting that miRNA-mediated gene suppression might play a role in animal-virus pathogenicity.
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Many researchers say this is just the beginning.