On The Life Sciences Scene

Shedding Light On Memory Mechanism
(a slightly modified reprint)

http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU?num=5&max=160&start=35
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/101.page

A. "Brain proteins make fear last"
http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/55963/

"Shedding Light On Memory Mechanism"
http://www.physforum.com/index.php?showtopic=14988&st=225&#entry349754

B. Two additional recent works locate, likewise, the sites in multicell organisms where memories are impressed:

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2008/212017945279.html

http://www.physorg.com/news132920831.html

But the mechanism of memory impression and recall has not yet been brought to light.

C. Several years ago I suggested in "Memory, Sentience and Consciousness", at
http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU?num=5&max=160&start=35

"Some of the challenging interesting things to learn and search about memory via and by neurons are if, like its probable parent function, immunity, it is founded only on structural tags or on/also the location of the tags in the brain, and or/also on intimate linkage between the tag and a neuron's dendron, which is a physical modification/adaptation of the OCM, the outer cell membrane, the oldest and most evolved organ of Earth's 2nd-stratum organism, the genome."

D. The "memory tag" possibility is brought up also at

http://www.scitopics.com/MOLECULAR_MECHANISMS_UNDERLYING_MEMORY_PROCESSES_THE_ROLE_OF_ELAV_AND_PKC_PROTEINS.html

E. The probable and possible evolotionary tie between the immune and memory systems is so obviously a plain common-sense possibility that it must be indeed scientifically probable...again, as common-sense is the best scientific approach...

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.physforum.com/index.php?showtopic=14988&st=480&#entry412704
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
EVOLUTION Beyond Darwin 200
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/100/122.page#1407

Music Is An Inherited Plus Pavloved Trait

A. "Play that monkey music"
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/46942/title/Play_that_monkey_music
Man-made music inspired by tamarin calls seems to alter the primates’ emotions, a new study suggests.

B. Music is both an inherited plus a Pavloved trait, characteristic

Hearing plus memory are evolutionarily culturally selected for survival. Their combinations are both consequences of remembered emotions and - via a natural Pavlovian process - also inspirators of emotions.

C. Also "Why Music Touches Us", Nov 2005
http://www.nature.com/news/2007/071210/full/news.2007.359.html

My conjecture about music 'touching-moving' us:

Music is a human cultural-artifactual elaboration of creatures' vocal communication which is an extension-elaboration of >24 wks-old in-womb fetus' and of newborns' intimate safe-coddle-sooth experiences. Both 'touch' and 'hear' senses are founded on mechanical sensing processes involving in-cell ions leakage forming electrical action potentials interpreted neurologically.

I suggest-conjecture that the same neurological constellation may be handling both 'touch' and 'hear' senses, being of commom mechanisms and differing essentially only in switch-on modes, and that this evolves in all vocal creatures in conjunction with in-womb safe-feeling, and later with baby codling-handling and vocal soothing-communicating, and later also with intimate emotional implications. Hence music has 'engulfing-touching-emotional' connotation and personal music orientation has childhood-ethnic rootings.

D. IMO a proper elucidation of music-memory-emotion complex is unavoidably long,

since it should extend from fetal through adolescennt phases.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
EVOLUTION Beyond Darwin 200
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/100/122.page#1407

New Insight Indeed
Into Origins Of Animal Life and
Into Antediluvian Thinking

A. From "New Insight Into Origins Of Animal Life"
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090909133020.htm

- "...found that a rise in atmospheric oxygen levels 580 million years ago was closely followed by the evolution of animal life."

- "Our research confirms for the first time that a rise in atmospheric oxygen was the driving force for oxygenation of the oceans 580 million years ago, and that this was the catalyst for the evolution of large complex animals."

- "Oxygen levels actually began to rise 2.8 billion years ago" explains Dr Poulton, "But instead of this rise being steady and gradual over time, what we saw in our data was a very unstable situation with short-lived episodes of free oxygen in the atmosphere early in Earth's history, followed by plummeting levels around 2 billion years ago.

- "It was not until a second rise in atmospheric oxygen 580 million years ago that larger complex animals were able to get a foothold on the Earth."

B. Ergo, it was the rise in atmospheric oxygen that drove oxygenation of the oceans 580 million years ago, and this was the catalyst for the evolution of large complex animals!

Indeed. What admirably reasonable, clear and obvious scientific thinking, analysis and conclusion...

What else can be said about a respectable 21st technology culture scientific article published and publicized by respectable 21st technology century scientific journals...

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321

On The Body's Broken Symmetry

A. From "Broken Symmetry"
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/feature/id/47191/title/Broken_Symmetry
Scientists seek mechanisms explaining development of the body’s left-right pattern

"Figuring out how a body with such internal asymmetry develops from an egg (and later an embryo) with near-perfect symmetry has long stymied developmental biologists."

B. It's evolution. Is'nt it?

The old egg and chicken question. Neither came first. Cultural development imprinted an expression pattern in some of the genome's genes. It's the novel genes' expressions that came first, in response to a higher possibility of survival. This is what selection for survival is all about.

Evolution suggests that the figuring out should be of how the egg (and later the embryo) evolved to preserve an original construct-pattern concurrently with the newly evolved genes' expressions of symmetrical construct patterns...

C. PS: "Broken Symmetry" and evolution

BTW, "Broken Symmetry" Is Physics' Term Of Biology's "Evolution"
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/40/122.page#885

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
EVOLUTION Beyond Darwin 200
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/100/122.page#1407

Beyond The Body's Broken Symmetry
Illustration Of Evolution Progress

PS to "Broken Symmetry"
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/feature/id/47191/title/Broken_Symmetry
Scientists seek mechanisms explaining development of the body’s left-right pattern

A. From "From three to four chambers"

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/46974/title/From_three_to_four_chambers
Scientists identify gene that may shape the heart.

A four-chambered heart with two distinct ventricular chambers allows the heart to produce two different blood pressures: low pressure for blood pumped to the lungs and high pressure for the oxygen-rich blood pumped out to the rest of the body. This dual pressure system is a key requirement for an animal to be warm-blooded,

“We were able to conclusively say that the large structure found in lizards is not a septum,” Bruneau says. Lizards are thought to have evolved earlier than turtles, the authors write, suggesting that TBX5’s gene left-right segregation, and the ensuing ventricle separation, evolved later.

B. Looks like an illustration of evolution along Earth's biosphere time axis,

suggesting that TBX5’s gene left-right segregation, and the ensuing ventricle separation, evolved later. Suggesting, perhaps, also, how body's symmetry evolves FROM an earler construct.

C. At what should Science look now with the new tool?

“Now that the tools are there, we can look at a whole variety of reptiles,” Hicks says

IMO it would be more interesting to look at if/how the neural system is involved in initiating and directing the left-right segragation, the expression of Earth's primal organism, the gene.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)

On The Earliest Sex Determinants

A. From "The Battling Sexes"
Blanche Capel

http://www.the-scientist.com/article/display/55972/

- How do the cells of the gonad decide to form a testis or ovary, and how do the different mechanisms of sex determination seen across the animal kingdom regulate this process? Recent work from my lab and many others suggests that there may be a common underlying mechanism after all.

- I wanted to study the earliest cellular mechanisms that trigger the decision to develop a testis oran ovary, at the point when the SRY transcription factor is expressed in the gonad.

B. From "SRY and the Standoff in Sex Determination"
Leo DiNapoli and Blanche Capel

http://mend.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/22/1/1

- Although it has been valuable to place SRY within this signaling network in the last few years, the mechanism through which the gene functions has not yet been revealed. Future work will address this important unresolved issue and will focus on the integration between the intracellular/intercellular signaling pathways that regulate cell fate and structural morphogenesis of the testis and ovary. Current efforts to establish networks of gene interactions will be critical to provide a framework for future investigations.

C. Re the earliest sex determinants beyond the mechanistic milieu,

I suggest, again and again, that life is complicated, that:

- neither creature nor cell are the starting strata of evolution,

- genes are Earth's primal organisms and genomes are multigenes organism, and both genes
and genomes - since life's day one - have been undergoing evolution as they replicate,
since the first way back yet uncelled independent genes replications,

- as replicates conformations are driven by culture, by feedback response to circumstances,
with survival as the driving force, survival from the mass reverting to energy.

Thus not only philosophically, but in fact indeed, the roots of everything in life go way back to the big bang and to the mass-energy relationship, the Original selection mode of mass survival...

This is what life is and this, in the long run, includes also sex determinants...

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)

Roles For d-Amino Acids

d = dextrorotatory, and l = levorotatory, enantiomers
d = dead-end, and l = life, metabolic functionality

A. Quotes from "New role for righty molecules"
http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/55983/

Quote: "The researchers noticed that the D-forms but not the L-forms of four amino acids stimulated Vibrio cholerae to transition from a rod to a spherical shape."

I reckon that a plain deprivation of one or more essential l-amino acids of these four would have the same effect-result.

Quote: "This so-called D-form of nature's building blocks allows bacterial cell walls to adapt to changes in the environment"

By plain common sense, my best scientific approach, I reckon that d-amino acids were selected by evolution for the bacterial monocell wall plainly and simply for survival, being a dead-end for metabolism by other organisms.

Quote: "The righty molecules, the researchers theorized, may be able to slow metabolic activity in any bacteria cell when resources become scarce, or environmental conditions stressful."

I reckon that when resources become scarce, or environmental conditions stressful, the bacteria cell is capable of adapting without the aid of the d-amino acid.

B. Historically,

d-amino acids are found in some proteins produced by exotic sea-dwelling organisms, such as cone snails.

The presence and function of d-amino acids in other organisms have not been studied, except in the cell walls of microorganisms, as comopnents of the peptidoglycan cell wall.

They are also found in various living "higher" organisms in the form of free amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Free d-aspartate and d-serine are present, and may have physiological functions, in mammals. IMO their presence in mammals, including humans, are related either to protection of tissue from biometabolism or in conjunction with advanced-age-related increase of racemases activity, of enzymes active in racemization.

C. On life's amino acids chirality

From "Genes Are Organisms, Earth'S Primal Organisms"

http://www.articlesbase.com/science-articles/genes-are-organisms-earths-primal-organisms-805441.html

Darwinian evolution started at life's day one, with the genesis of the first organisms, the replicating oligomers, pre-archaea genes. It started under yet-unknown energetic conditions, by a serendipitous accident, with oligomeric (RNA?) conformations, in a soup containing all their essential molecular progenitors. These conformations happened to absorb the amounts of energy enabling their polymerization to lengths precipitated as determined by the nature and conditions of the soup.

The sugars and the nitrogen-based compounds that, together with the phosphates, are the components of the genes organisms, are chiral. There probably is an energetic advantage in homochirality and in chiral homogeneity for the self-replication of biopolymers.

This serendipitous accident set up a matrix-field of energy with a potential extended between its source, sun's radiation, and the precipitating organisms. This was the genesis of the ongoing formation and maintenance of Earth's biosphere.

And since thus the biosphere started it could only evolve in more favorable energetic directions and towards stabler components. Survival. Chiral organism survival. After all this was already into the process of life's evolution...

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Peer Review, Again
(some remarks are a repeat)

I.
"Peer review: No improvement with practice"
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/47477/title/Peer_review_No_improvement_with_practice
To keep the quality of what they publish high, journals may have to frequently recycle the experts asked to evaluate incoming manuscripts.

II.
Peer Review And Science Future

It is not just yes-not-how peer review...
Where has science been during the last century?

Is science relevant to any aspect of our personal-societal life?
Why did the 20th century technology culture-economy collapse?
Why is western humanity clinging to the collapsed technology culture?

** Jun/25/2009 posting in "Citing the web",
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/525.page#2583 **

A. From "There is no Science except for the Establishment's alone, and Peer Approved is the Establishment's only apostle?"
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/160/122.page#2485

The Science Guild Establishment, since its Mount Sinai Revelation as AAAS, has been prostituting all aspects of science, including the meanings of the terms science, scientists and research. It monopolizes all terminology and publications of information, blocking insights and evolution of science. It turned the organization and activities of science into a ludicrous caricature of a corrupt trade union. This is the origin and explanation of the circa 100 years long black hole in basic science and of the zero effect of science on societal evolution during the still ongoing 20th century technology culture.

B. Have you seen ANY attempt by The Science Establishment to assess the implications of ITS nature on the irrelevancy of science to our life and to the collapsed Technology-Culture-Economy?

The Science Establishment continues to fight for its TradeUnion share of public funds with various alliances and political means, steadfastly cooperating with its masters-allies, the big industries.

C. It is not just the yes-or-not peer-approved literature. It is the challenge of assessing the nature of the Science Establishment and considering if-how-whereto change its nature, organization and its charter.

D. Peer review is, factually, a tool of a "Subversive Activities Control Board"

The most revolting corrupt aspect of peer review in science is its exploitation by the Science Establishment to tightly clamp its political and financial omni-everything rule and control, including stifling of any shred of scientific innovation.

The peer review process is but a tool of the Establishment. The corruption is not inherent in the tool, but in the nature of the Science Establishment.

"Societal Implications Of Science And Technology Evolution Since The 1920s"
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/61.page#215

As long as Science and Technology are considered and handled, conceptually and administratively, as one realm and one faculty this corruption cannot and will not be overcome. This conception and attitude is THE CORRUPTION OF SCIENCE BY THE STILL ONGOING 20th CENTURY TECHNOLOGY CULTURE, administered and imposed by the science establishment trade union.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Bacterium With Chemoreceptors
Versus Multicelled Organisms

A. Glimpse of chemoreceptor architecture in bacterial cells

http://www.eurekalert.org/bysubject/biology.php

B. From sensing to signalling to tumbling to re-swimming

This goes on in a bacterial cell.

Who and how assesses the information and draws and issues instructions?

Any reasoned conjecture? or factual explanation?

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321

Bypassing Averages Is Anthropomorphizing Nature
Bypassing Averages Is Bypassing Science

A. From "Surpassing The Law Of Averages"

http://www.the-scientist.com/article/display/55933/

Since "a lot gets lost in the average", "over the past few years researchers have been eschewing bulk studies and pushing technological limitations to bring their studies of genomics, genetics, RNA transcription and translation, proteins, and metabolites down to this single cell level."

B. The most important thing that gets lost in bypassing averages is science.

Eschewing bulk studies in favor of single case studies is anthropomorphizing nature's reality, introducing religion into science.

Human cognizance, human's unique virtual reality trait, renders the human individuals with an inflated self-esteem. This has been selected culturally, even if not yet genetically, for human survival.

From "Religion Is ISE, Inflated Self Esteem"

http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU?num=5&max=160&start=36

Humans display a different approach to the scientific study of the nature of life than to the study of anything else. This is most probably due to an aversion to accept the dismaying realization that we are, after all, just one of the many life forms on Earth (or in our galaxy or in the universe?).

A most essential, and uniquely human, ingrained/inherent need, is an inflated degree of self-esteem. The survival and bearable existence of human individuals and communities of any size is anchored in and established on a foundation of Self-Esteem Culture which is neatly a complete creation of humans.

The Inflated Self Esteem phenomenon, Religion, has been traced back circa 100,000 years ago, expressed in the form of human graves.

Unbelievably even and still now, in spite of the scientific comprehension amassed todate, there are so many humans clinging to the basic human instinct that attributes to humans, religiously, higher "universal value" than to other lives, to other forms of temporary energy bubbles/packages wherever they are...

C. "Surpassing The Law Of Averages" is not transcending its reach in science

It is falling behind science, behind the reach of comprehension of nature's average characteristics, of comprehension that "natural laws" represent average occurrences.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)

Cell And Life Research Are Misguided
Not Just Stem Cell research

A. From "Is stem cell research misguided?"

http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/56024/

- Considers "reframing stem cell research to emphasize...systems-level perspective and the intricate feedback loops that spur stem cells into action."

- We shouldn't necessarily expect that there will be some unique molecular signature of what it means to be a stem cell... It's a system level property, so we need to have information about a whole system.

- Whether one needs the same cocktail of genes in every different cell type to get to the same stage of potency remains to be seen.

- Because of our understanding of feedback control...we shouldn't expect to be able to pin down stemness. It's just not going to happen unless we treat it at a network level.

B. It is not just stem cell research that is misguided; it is that generally cell research and life research are misguided

I humbly suggest, again and again:

"Genostemness Induction, More On The Lifehood Of Genes", that makes each and all organisms alive

http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/160/122.page

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

"Science" online extra: Ardipithecus ramidus

"Visit sciencemag.org/ardipithecus to read coverage of this tremendous discovery."
http://www.sciencemag.org/ardipithecus/

A. Quotes from "Authors' Summary:
Reexamining Human Origins in Light of Ardipithecus ramidus"

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/326/5949/74/DC1

- What changes paved the way for the later emergence of the energy-thirsty brain of Homo? Such questions can no longer be addressed by simply comparing humans to extant apes, because no ape exhibits an even remotely similar evolutionary trajectory to that revealed by Ardipithecus.

- Combining our knowledge of mammalian reproductive physiology and the hominid fossil record suggests that a major shift in life-history strategy transformed the social structure of early hominids. That shift probably reduced male-to-male conflict and combined three previously unseen behaviors associated with their ability to exploit both trees and the land surface: (i) regular food-carrying, (ii) pair-bonding, and (iii) reproductive crypsis (in which females did not advertise ovulation, unlike the case in chimpanzees). Together, these behaviors would have substantially intensified male parental investment—a breakthrough adaptation with anatomical, behavioral, and physiological consequences for early hominids and for all of their descendants, including ourselves.

B. From "Introduction to special issue, Light on the Origin of Man"

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/326/5949/60-a

- But identifying our unique genes and other genetic differences between us and our primate cousins does not reveal the nature of that ancestor, nor what factors led to the genetic changes that underlie our divergent evolutionary paths. That requires a fossil record and enough parts of past species to assess key anatomical details. It also requires...etc.,

- Ardipithecus ramidus thus helps us bridge the better-known, more recent part of human evolution, which has a better fossil record, with the scarcer early human fossils and older ape fossils that precede our last common ancestor. Ardipithecus ramidus is a reminder of Darwin's conclusion of The Origin:

"There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved."

C. I sadly and modestly suggest that this "Science online extra" misses the grandeur in the view of life

It is culture that drives genetic changes, NOT genetic changes that drive culture.

I suggest again and again that the grandeur in the view of life is revealed, succinctly, in the following three articles:

Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321

EVOLUTION Beyond Darwin 200
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/100/122.page#1407

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)

PS: Just as it is culture that drives genetic changes, NOT genetic changes that drive culture, so it is evolution that formulates natural laws, NOT natural laws that drive evolution. DH

Science Blindness To Gene's Lifehood

A. From "Better sensing through empty receptors"

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/47817/title/Better_sensing_through_empty_receptors

A new model suggests cells may be more sensitive to their environment than previously thought.

This work deals with the mechanism and efficiency of some components of the sensing system on a monocell organism's outer membrane. It refers to

- cells may benefit...
- how a cell sorts information...
- single-celled organisms, such as bacteria and yeast, must accurately judge their landscape to find food and avoid trouble.

B. From "Bacterium With Chemoreceptors Versus Multicelled Organisms"

http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/200/122.page#3489

From sensing to signalling to tumbling to re-swimming. This goes on in a bacterial cell. Who and how assesses the information and draws and issues instructions?

C. 21st Century Science Is Still Blind To Gene's Lifehood

This blindness is one of the hallmarks of the scientifically decadent corrupt still ongoing 20th century technology culture.

D. Cells are just the functional housings of the organisms genes-genome

Nature evolved genes to constrain energy as long as possible and to replicate for augmenting the amount of constrained energy.

Genes evolved the capability and technique first to adapt and later to manipulate their environments by means of their expressions. Their expressions handle everything for the genes, from sensing to remembering to signaling through foraging through all components of surviving. Each and all of their expressions are targeted for augmented constrained energy survival.

Is this so difficult to notice and accept scientifically?

It seems that mundane scientific decadence blinds 21st century science to the lifehood of genes.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)

Nobel,Castes And SE
An Anthropological Phenomenon

"Caste" may be defined as a division of society based on differences of wealth, inherited rank or privilege, profession, occupation, or on status in a political or religious system.

A pre-Nobel "noble" might have been a nob or a nobbler.

Since the institution of the PRIVATELY endowed and administered Nobel prizes, a novel anthropological phenomenon has evolved from the process of their awarding. A novel caste, of SE humans, comprises those who scout, recommend and select the candidates and those who admire the process. The SE people are imbued with self esteem, deeming themselves THE RIGHT assessors of human wisdom and aspirations for the welfare of all humanity.

Dov Henis

It Is Not Just Genes Lifehood

The scope of of genes lifehood is not just the lifehood of genes.

The lifehood of genes is the foundation of the subject of evolutionary biology, which is a major component of the subject of life, which is a minute component of the subject of evolution of the universe, which is the subject for which humanity seeks a unified field theory.

A unified field theory is sought because unlike the evergrowing list of specific science/technology divisions, drawn by the "scientists" trade unions like the AAAS, the universe and Earth evolve as an integrated interrelated whole and not as a bundle of individual divisions.

I suggest that the two succinct below references are the basis of a unified field theory covering the universe big bang inflation - gravity - expansion - E/m transformations - and impansion back to E/m supertposition.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Sciencenews? News? Science?

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/feature/id/48212/title/The_Science_of_Slumber
Special issue on sleep

Sciencenews Booboo-Blunder On Sleep...
Sciencenews?
News?
Science?

"Despite its utter mundanity, sleep resists simple scientific explanation. It appears to recuperate the body and refresh the mind, but exactly how isn’t at all clear. The brain appears to be as active in some of the throes of somnolence as it is in sustaining wakefulness."

???

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)

The Genome Pack At Home

A. "New view reveals how DNA fits into cell"

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/48166/title/New_view_reveals_how_DNA_fits_into_cell
A new technique allows scientists to map the 3-D structure of the entire human genome.

"Now that we know the structure, we can ask questions like, why does it look like this?” Dekker also wants to understand how a gene and a regulatory element find each other in such a dense glob. As of now, “We simply don’t know,” he says.

B. Maybe it looks like this since this configuration is its survival selection

Maybe it looks like this since the genome is a multigenes organism as defined in the

"Updated Life's Manifest May 2009"
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321

Maybe it looks like this since after all there IS something in The Lifehood Of Genes as indicated by the many pieces of the puzzle of lifehood that I've been presenting so many years.

Maybe?...

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/2SF3CJJM5OU6T27OC4MFQSDYEU

Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Genes Sleep Time May Chart Their Evolution Circumstances
Add This To The Lifehood Of Genes Case

A. From "Circadian clockwork takes unexpected turns"

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/48177/title/Circadian_clockwork_takes_unexpected_turns
Some neurons in the brain’s master clock fall silent in the afternoon. The unexpected finding prompts scientists to rethink how the clock works.

- deals with "brain’s master clock", "molecular-clock gears" and "natural circadian clock".

- finding is “actually very shocking".... at least two different populations of neurons, each having its own ( sleep ) rhythm...

B. This finding should prompt researchers to search and assess also non-peer-reviewed background info,

and to rid themselves of the ancient mantras like "brain’s master clock", "molecular-clock gears" and "natural circadian clock".

Sleep is innate for genes simply since during their genesis and early history, when they were independent not-yet-genomed-nor-yet-celled organisms there was not yet biometabolism and they were active ONLY during sunlight time, their ONLY usable energy.

The neural system, like ALL biological systems and processes of multicell organisms, originated and evolved from the life-culture of cooperative communities of monocell organisms, over a very long period during which biometabolism has evolved to furnish usable indirect-solar-energy.

It is probable and possible that just as the later evolution of biometabolism involved various formats of symbiosis so the way-back protoneural network evolution in monocell organisms communities involved symbiosis or inclusion of genes from different locations on Earth, genes with different innate sleep time.

Or it is also probable and possible that a neural network section regularly requires a daily PM cleanup that cannot wait until 2 AM, at which time the genes normally "retire" and melatonin signals intercell maintenance time, and the genes in this section evolved the required additional or changed sleep-time, see:

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/46762/title/From_Axons_to_Identity__Neurological_Explorations_of_the_Nature_of_the_Self_by_Todd_E._Feinberg

It is probable and possible...

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Genes' Expression Modification

A. From "Science Blindness To Gene's Lifehood"

http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/200/122.page#3555

"Cells are just the functional housings of the organisms genes-genome.

Nature evolved genes to constrain energy as long as possible and to replicate for augmenting the amount of energy constrained.

Genes evolved the capability and technique first to adapt and later to manipulate their environments by means of their expressions. Their expressions handle everything for the genes, from sensing to remembering to signaling through foraging through all components of surviving. Each and all of their expressions are targeted for augmented constrained energy survival.

Is this so difficult to notice and accept scientifically?"

B. Clarification for some who find it difficult to notice and accept:

Genes do expression and its modification.

Since their first and earliest expression their expression is either "replicate without change" or "replicate with change".

"Replicate without change" is the rule when the energy-constraining system, the living organism, functions well, maintains constraining energy per its birth instructions.

"Replicate with change" occurs when a gene "receives a feedback", a chemical signal, that one of its expressions is bettered by a de facto (i.e. cultural) modification, i.e. that the de facto modification results in a clearly augmented energy constraint. This drives the gene to "Replicate with change", i.e. to modify the bettered expression.

Expression, per Wikipedia:

Genes are expressed by being transcribed into RNA, and this transcript may then be translated into protein or into a functional RNA. Alternative splicing is the process by which the exons of the RNA produced by transcription of a gene (a primary gene transcript or pre-mRNA) are reconnected in multiple ways during RNA splicing. The resulting different mRNAs may be translated into different protein isoforms; thus, a single gene may code for multiple proteins.

It seems that mundane scientific decadence blinds 21st century science to the lifehood of genes.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108

Watch Evolution Unfold

Time In A Bottle: Scientists Watch Evolution Unfold
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091018141716.htm

- "demonstrates natural selection at work"

Natural selection is involved only in a small fraction of evolution, in cases of genetic accidents. Normal evolution is an evolution of culture, of reaction to circumstances, fed back to the genes, who consequently modify their expressions accordingly, by way of alternative splicing.

- "By the 20,000-generation midpoint, researchers discovered 45 mutations among surviving cells"

They did not "discover", but uncover, the "mutations", which were not mutations but alternatively spliced genes in response to the conditions of the culture. (It is not a coincidence that a community of monocell organisms is termed a culture. It is a culture just as a community of multicell organisms).

- "Those mutations, according to Darwin's theory, should have conferred some advantage, and that's exactly what the researchers found."

What the reserchers uncovered (not found, no more found than Columbus found America when stumbling upon it) is NOT "mutations that conferred advantage". They uncovered what has been known and explained for the past several years, i.e. that cultural advantages induced genetic changes, manifest in the form of changed expressions of genes.

It seems that mundane scientific decadence blinds 21st century science to the lifehood of genes.

Dov Henis
(Comments From The 22nd Century)
Updated Life's Manifest May 2009
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/140/122.page#2321
Implications Of E=Total[m(1 + D)]
http://www.the-scientist.com/community/posts/list/180/122.page#3108