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tag fetal brain neuroscience evolution

Different colored cartoon viruses entering holes in a cartoon of a human brain.
A Journey Into the Brain
Danielle Gerhard, PhD | Mar 22, 2024 | 10+ min read
With the help of directed evolution, scientists inch closer to developing viral vectors that can cross the human blood-brain barrier to deliver gene therapy.
Newborn baby rats lie in a basket
Mother’s Circadian Rhythms Mirrored in Fetal Rat Brains
Bianca Nogrady | Sep 12, 2022 | 2 min read
Before their own central clocks develop, the brains of fetal rats detect their mother’s metabolic cycle to help regulate the expression of certain genes.
New Genes, New Brain
Cristina Luiggi | Oct 19, 2011 | 2 min read
A bevy of genes known to be active during human fetal and infant development first appeared at the same time that the prefrontal cortex—the area of the brain associated with human intelligence and personality—took shape in primates.
Illustration of a human and Neanderthal skull side by side.
Mutation Linked to Difference Between Human and Neanderthal Brains
Dan Robitzski | Sep 9, 2022 | 5 min read
A single amino acid substitution in a protein causes increased neuron production in the frontal lobes of humans compared to Neanderthals—a tiny difference that could have given our species a cognitive edge, researchers say.
Brain Evolution at a Distance
Hannah Waters | Dec 6, 2011 | 3 min read
Gene expression controlled from afar may have spurred the spurt in brain evolution that led to modern humans.
Book Excerpt from When Brains Dream
Robert Stickgold and Antonio Zadra | Dec 1, 2020 | 8 min read
Ferreting out the biological function of dreaming is a frontier in neuroscience.
Histology showing IL-6 expression
Immune Molecule Alters Cellular Makeup of Human Brain Organoids
Charles Q. Choi, Spectrum | Apr 17, 2023 | 4 min read
The changes may help explain the link between maternal infection and autism, though more research is needed.
Human-Specific Genes Implicated in Brain Size
Abby Olena, PhD | May 31, 2018 | 5 min read
Three members of a gene family called NOTCH2NL may have been involved in the evolution of humans’ big cortex.
Opinion: The Biological Function of Dreams
Robert Stickgold and Antonio Zadra | Dec 1, 2020 | 3 min read
The scenarios that run through our sleeping brains may help us explore possible solutions to concerns from our waking lives.
Conceptual image of numbers
Is Your Brain Wired for Numbers?
Catherine Offord | Oct 1, 2021 | 10+ min read
Our perception of quantity, separate from counting or estimation of magnitude more generally, is foundational to human cognition, according to some neuroscientists.

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