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tag protein structure microbiology immunology

Flagellated rod-shaped bacteria live on intestinal tissue.
Clostridia to the Rescue
Shelby Bradford, PhD | Mar 27, 2024 | 3 min read
Some commensal bacteria help shore up intestinal walls in mice, which can prevent food allergies.
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Infographic: Vaccinating Against Tumors
Shelby Bradford, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 1 min read
Cancer vaccines offer the opportunity to use the patient’s own immune system in the fight against tumors.
A needle drawing up fluid from an unlabeled vial.
Cancer Vaccination as a Promising New Treatment Against Tumors
Shelby Bradford, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 10+ min read
Vaccination has beaten back infections for more than a century. Now, it may be the next big step in battling cancer.
bacteria and DNA molecules on a purple background.
Engineering the Microbiome: CRISPR Leads the Way
Mariella Bodemeier Loayza Careaga, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 10+ min read
Scientists have genetically modified isolated microbes for decades. Now, using CRISPR, they intend to target entire microbiomes.
An artist’s rendering of a DNA-based virus trap, represented as gray rods in a short cone-shaped arrangement. One is coated with blue molecules, likely antibodies, that adhere to a virus target. Another image shows to traps coming together to capture a red coronavirus.
“Origami” DNA Traps Could Keep Large Viruses From Infecting Cells
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Jan 18, 2023 | 4 min read
By engineering structures out of DNA, scientists could potentially prevent larger viruses, like coronaviruses and influenza viruses, from interacting with cells.
Bugs as Drugs to Boost Cancer Therapy
Danielle Gerhard, PhD | Jan 18, 2024 | 7 min read
Bioengineered bacteria sneak past solid tumor defenses to guide CAR T cells’ attacks.
Rendered image of <em>Chlamydia</em>
How Chlamydia Guards Itself Against the Immune System
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Jan 2, 2023 | 4 min read
The bacterium produces a particular protein that allows it to sneak past the human immune system even while triggering inflammation.
lymph node germinal center antibody covid-19 sars-cov-2 pandemic coronavirus plasmablast b cell pfizer vaccine immunity
Pfizer Vaccine Induces Immune Structures Key to Lasting Immunity
Katarina Zimmer | Mar 25, 2021 | 6 min read
In the armpit lymph nodes of people who had received the mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, researchers found germinal centers needed to generate long-lived antibody-making cells.
<em>Chlamydia</em> invades a host cell, forms a membrane-bound vacuole, or inclusion, and then modifies the protein composition of the structure&rsquo;s membrane. If immune cells detect <em>Chlamydia</em> before it forms the inclusion, they trigger T cells to produce interferon-&gamma; (IFN-&gamma;), a powerful cytokine. IFN-&gamma; activates the protein mysterin (also called RFN213), which attaches ubiquitin to the inclusion membrane, signaling the cell to destroy the inclusion&rsquo;s contents by dumping them into a lysosome (left). C. trachomatis produces GarD, a protein that integrates into the inclusion membrane itself and somehow prevents mysterin from attaching ubiquitin, allowing the bacterium to evade immune destruction while continuing to multiply and eventually bursting from the cell (right).
Infographic: How Chlamydia Evades Immune Detection
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Jan 2, 2023 | 2 min read
Chlamydia trachomatis, the bacterium that causes chlamydia, hides from the immune system by cloaking itself in the host cell’s membrane then modifying the membrane’s protein composition.
Isolated Realistic Coronavirus Covid-19 Molecule in a Biological Environment stock photo
Tweak to N Protein Makes Delta Variant More Infectious
Chloe Tenn | Nov 5, 2021 | 2 min read
Using a novel lab technique, researchers identified a mutation that allows the virus to insert more genetic material into host cells.

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