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These papers were selected from multiple disciplines from the Faculty of 1000, a Web-based literature awareness tool http://www.facultyof1000.com.

N. Sato et al., "Maintenance of pluripotency in human and mouse embryonic stem cells through activation of Wnt signaling by a pharmacological GSK-3-specific inhibitor," Nat Med, 10:55–63, January 2004.

Sato and colleagues argue that inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), resulting in activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway, is sufficient to maintain self-renewal of murine and human embryonic stem cells. These observations will no doubt stimulate intense interest.

- Stephen Dalton, University of Georgia

S.S. Diebold et al., "Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA," Science, 303:1529–31, March 5, 2004.

These are the first studies (see also F. Heil et al., Science, 303:1526–9, March 5, 2004) to show that single-stranded RNA is the physiological ligand of toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7 and TLR8)....

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