The molecular processes that lead males to be more susceptible to the disease are only beginning to come to light.

In cell division, a protein called spastin appears to help tear down a bridge between daughter cells.

When implanted into mice, the “pseudo-islets” helped treat the animals’ diabetes symptoms.

Apoptosis and other types of programmed cell death appear to be reversible.

Molecular programs can rescue cells already engaged in the process of apoptosis or other forms of programmed cell death.

The lab-made organoids are fully functional, the team reports, and could aid the study of vascular-related diseases such as diabetes.

Microbes, traditionally thought to lack organelles, get a metabolic boost from geometric compartments that act as cauldrons for chemical reactions. Bioengineers are eager to harness the compartments for their own purposes.

These icosahedral structures are composed of proteins with unique geometric properties, which enable bacteria to employ them in a variety of situations.

The physical principles that dictate the formation of these subcellular compartments are simple, but they dictate the organelles’ complex functions.