Jean Macnamara, a pioneer in the treatment of polio patients and the subject of this issue’s Foundations, comes to life in the form of a Google Doodle to celebrate what would have been her 121st birthday.

The medical scientist made important contributions to polio treatment and Australian environmental policy—despite substantial resistance.

Health officials are rushing a genetically engineered product into the field to counter uncontained outbreaks of vaccine-derived polio.

In rare instances, the live virus in oral polio vaccines can mutate and become infectious, causing new outbreaks.

Children with acute flaccid myelitis are more likely to have antibodies against the viral family in their spinal fluid than are children without the illness.

Researchers identify a possible driver of acute flaccid myelitis, a polio-like disease diagnosed in more than 500 children over the last few years.

Dozens of cases of acute flaccid myelitis have occurred this year, and while it resembles polio, health officials have ruled out poliovirus.

Julius Youngner collaborated with Jonas Salk on the polio vaccine, and later identified interferon gamma and contributed to an equine influenza vaccine.

Using epidemiological and laboratory data, scientists have mapped out a sequence of mutations through which the attenuated oral polio vaccine reverts to a virulent virus.