Chromatin remodeling is required to allow transcription factors access to the DNA, but the exact order of events at specific gene promoters remains unclear. At the yeast HO locus the Swi5p transactivator recruits a chromatin-remodeling complex, followed by recruitment of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) Gcn5p, prior to the assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC). In contrast, during activation of the human interferon-beta gene promoter an 'enhanceosome' complex recruits the Gnc5p HAT, leading to recruitment of the remodeling complex that drives the completion of PIC assembly.
In the March 8 Science, Evi Soutoglou and Iannis Talianidis describe a different course of events that regulate the α1 antitrypsin promoter (alpha1-AT) during gut cell differentiation (Science 2002, 295:1901-1904). They used a CaCo-2 enterocyte cell culture model and employed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) methodology to investigate regulation of the alpha1-AT promoter by hepatic transcription factors. They found that the transactivators were bound to the promoter ...
