TEER measurement under Dynamic Flow Conditions.

ECIS^TM (Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing) is the only commercially available technology which continuously monitors TEER under dynamic flow conditions. In their natural environment, endothelial cells are constantly exposed to physical and biochemical stimuli that can alter cell permeability. Laminar shear stress due to blood flow is a principal regulator of systemic endothelial cell gene expression, morphology, and the production of soluble mediators. Its importance is highlighted by pathological processes associated with reduced or absent laminar shear stress, including atherosclerosis. Endothelial transport of macromolecules has been shown to be responsive to flow shear stress, hydrostatic pressure, thermal shock, and agonists such as histamine and thrombin. The ECIS Y flow array is intended for bifurcation studies and blood vessel simulation. It splits into a 30 degree Y channel in one direction and 45 degree channel in the other direction. Eight measurement points, each with 4 circular active electrodes, are located along...