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Within the last few years, research into signal transduction compounds and pathways has exploded, leading to a growing number of companies that sell antibodies for signal transduction. Whereas in the past, laboratories had to produce their own antibodies-or gain access to them through a network of contacts-dozens of companies now have commercially available signal transduction antibodies. This vast supply of antibodies has made it possible for researchers to pursue different proteins.

Targets of signal transduction antibodies can be broken down into various classes. For example, cell surface proteins and adhesion factors assist in mediating cellular communication, facilitating cell-cell binding, and regulating cellular migration and motility. Some of these include laminin, fibronectin, and integrin. Cell surface receptors, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor, interact with growth factors to produce signaling cascades resulting in cell proliferation,...

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