Serotonin, Repurposed

Immune Control CEO Stephen Roth is banking on a controversial hypothesis and is fashioning ways to block a neurotransmitter to fight autoimmune disease.

Written byAndrea Gawrylewski
| 6 min read

Register for free to listen to this article
Listen with Speechify
0:00
6:00
Share

In 2002 Stephen Roth, who was about to retire as CEO of biotech Neose Technologies, sat down with two scientists from Drexel University to judge whether a new scientific concept made any sense.

The scientists began their presentation, explaining that they believed that serotonin - the much-studied neurotransmitter associated with depression - was a key growth factor for lymphocytes. "My first reaction was: 'Bullshit'," remembers Roth.

But after a lengthy discussion, and reading a pile of literature showing that serotonin was widely distributed in immune tissues,1 and upregulates B and T lymphocytes,2 Roth came around. So much so, he became the new CEO at a biotech devoted to developing the technology: Immune Control. As CEO, Roth's business now is to convince investors that the serotonin idea, no matter how off-the-wall it may seem, is indeed sound. Using their funds, Roth runs a virtual company with only four full-time employees that ...

Interested in reading more?

Become a Member of

The Scientist Logo
Receive full access to digital editions of The Scientist, as well as TS Digest, feature stories, more than 35 years of archives, and much more!
Already a member? Login Here

Meet the Author

Published In

Share
February 2026

A Stubborn Gene, a Failed Experiment, and a New Path

When experiments refuse to cooperate, you try again and again. For Rafael Najmanovich, the setbacks ultimately pushed him in a new direction.

View this Issue
Human-Relevant In Vitro Models Enable Predictive Drug Discovery

Advancing Drug Discovery with Complex Human In Vitro Models

Stemcell Technologies
Redefining Immunology Through Advanced Technologies

Redefining Immunology Through Advanced Technologies

Ensuring Regulatory Compliance in AAV Manufacturing with Analytical Ultracentrifugation

Ensuring Regulatory Compliance in AAV Manufacturing with Analytical Ultracentrifugation

Beckman Coulter Logo
Conceptual multicolored vector image of cancer research, depicting various biomedical approaches to cancer therapy

Maximizing Cancer Research Model Systems

bioxcell

Products

Sino Biological Logo

Sino Biological Pioneers Life Sciences Innovation with High-Quality Bioreagents on Inside Business Today with Bill and Guiliana Rancic

Sino Biological Logo

Sino Biological Expands Research Reagent Portfolio to Support Global Nipah Virus Vaccine and Diagnostic Development

Beckman Coulter

Beckman Coulter Life Sciences Partners with Automata to Accelerate AI-Ready Laboratory Automation

Refeyn logo

Refeyn named in the Sunday Times 100 Tech list of the UK’s fastest-growing technology companies