| Rank in 2006 | Rank in 2005 | Name/Location | Type | No. of R&D employees | Total No. of New Jobs in 2005 | 2005 Net Income | Significant developments
in the past year |
| (among large companies) | | | | | | |
| 1 | 1 | Tec Laboratories, USA | Skin defense products | 11 | 3 | private | Introduced Tecnu Extreme Poison Ivy Scrub |
| 2 | 2 | Transform Pharmaceuticals, USA | Pharmaceutical | 86 | 23 | N/A | Acquired by Johnson & Johnson |
| 3 | 3 | Infinity Pharmaceuticals, USA | Pharmaceutical | 90 | 22 | private | Formed alliance with Novartis involving cancer drug candidates |
| 4 | 6 | Asterand, USA | Tissue-based services | 30 | 18 | $2.4 million (2004) | Merged with Pharmagene |
| 5 | - | Raven Biotechnologies, USA | Biotechnology | 48 | 8 | none | Started phase I clinical trials for lead drug RAV12 |
| 6 | 8 | Lexicon Genetics, USA | Biopharmaceutical | 635 | 21 | ($36.3 million) | Formed alliance with Genetech |
| 7 | - | Amylin Pharmaceuticals, USA | Pharmaceutical | 510 | 550 | ($206 million) | Received first two FDA product approvals |
| 8 | 10 | Exelixis, USA | Biotechnology | 402 | 42 | ($83.2 million) | Collaborated with Genentech and GlaxoSmithKline |
| 9 | 4 | Promega, USA | Biotechnology | 850
(all depts) | N/A | Over $176 million | N/A |
| 10 | - | GeneDx, USA | Genetic testing and diagnosis | 35 | 6 | $1.5 million | Added 20 new genetic tests for rare hereditary disorders |
| 11 | - | PR Pharmaceuticals, USA | Pharmaceutical | 60
(all depts) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| 12 | - | Otsuka Maryland Medicinal Laboratories, USA | Research division of Otsuka Pharmaceuticals | 43 | 4 | $963,000 | Developing anti-platelet antibodies which might be developed as novel class of anti-thrombotic agents |
| 13 | - | Cephalon, USA | Biopharmaceutical | 277 | 549 | $167 million | Acquired Zeneus Holdings Limited to gain three marketed products for oncology |
| 14 | - | Applied Biosystems, USA | Basic and commerical research | 88 | 32 | $1.8 billion | Acquired research products division of Ambion, Inc. |
| 15 | - | MedImmune, USA | Biopharmaceutical | 484 | 232 | ($16.6 million) | Acquired Cellective Therapeutics |
