S. Lindquist, E.A. Craig, "The heat-shock proteins," Annual Review of Genetics, 22, 631-77, 1988.
Susan L. Lindquist (University of Chicago): "Dr. [Elizabeth A.] Craig and I have been working on the heat-shock response independently since the early 1970s. In that time, we have watched it mature from an odd phenomenon observed in fruit flies to a problem of central importance in cell and molecular biology. It now appears that virtually all organisms respond to high temperatures and many other stresses by inducing the synthesis of a small number of very highly conserved proteins called the heat-shock proteins, or hsps. These proteins help the organism to continue growth and development under mildly stressful conditions and provide protection against the lethal effects of more extreme stress. The hsps and closely related proteins also play vital roles at normal temperatures, such as helping proteins to fold correctly and multi-subunit proteins to assemble properly. ...
