Foundations

In urban bathhouses in Germany and the surrounding low countries, bathhouse proprietors, known as baders, provided visitors with basic medical care. To draw blood, baders would scratch the skin before placing a heated cupping glass over the incision to extract blood and purge the body. Other tools associated with baders, including dental forceps and an amputation saw, hint at further services they provided.

Bathing Through the Ages: 1300–1848

Glass blown and sculpted model of the golden bellapple (<em>Passiflora laurifolia</em>)

Glass Menagerie, 1863–1936

A black-and-white photo of a person&rsquo;s hands holding a black-and-white barred chicken. The feathers of its breast have been pulled back to reveal a large tumor.

Transmissible Tumors, 1909

Diagram of the causes of mortality in the army in the east.

Diagrammatic War, 1858

In the 1920s, the Institute for Sexual Research in Berlin was a haven for queer people, many of whom came to the institute seeking to express their identities without fear of being imprisoned. This undated photo depicts a costume party at the institute; its founder, Magnus Hirschfeld (second from right, in glasses), can be seen holding hands with his partner, Karl Giese (center).

Trans Medicine, 1919

A black and white photo of a woman in a plumed hat in a laboratory classroom with several men

Birth of The Pill, 1956–1960

A postcard from the early 1900s depicting an Indigenous midden in Damariscotta, Maine.

Sticks and Bones, Circa 8000 BCE

Photo of Makio Murayama

Handmade Hemoglobin, 1912-2012

Person in a black, beaked robe (left) and man in a black tunic (right), flanking a red coat of arms

Masking Up, 1619 to Present

A black and white photo of a woman holding up a spider in a pair of tweezers

The Spider Lady, Circa 1939

A black and white photo of a man standing at a lab bench, holding up a glass jar

Reimagining Ecology, 1939

A photo of soybean pods

The Right Chemistry, 1935

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Kirsty Wright is searching for evidence in a missing persons investigation. She is wearing a blue shirt and glasses. Behind her is dense vegetation and police procedural tape.

How a Forensic Biologist Exposed a DNA Lab Scandal That Shook Australia

Photo of John Calhoun crouches within his rodent utopia-turned-dystopia

Universe 25 Experiment

Hands holding an older woman’s hands.

One Gene Influences 75 Percent of Alzheimer’s Disease Cases

A picture of Rohita Roy, a postdoc at Stanford University.

Postdoc Portrait: Rohita Roy

Multimedia

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From Data to Discovery: Omics in Therapeutic Innovation

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Exploring Organoids for Disease Modeling Research

Illustration of a developing fetus surrounded by a clear fluid with a subtle yellow tinge, representing amniotic fluid.
January 2026

What Is the Amniotic Fluid Composed of?

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Advancing Drug Discovery with Complex Human In Vitro Models

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Conceptual multicolored vector image of cancer research, depicting various biomedical approaches to cancer therapy

Maximizing Cancer Research Model Systems

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