Lymph from cattle proved more effective at inducing immunity to smallpox than the older, person-to-person method.

Marvin Minsky engineered the first known artificial neural network, in which “rats” represented as lights learned to solve a maze.

Mustard gas blistered men’s bodies on the battlefield, but paved the way for cancer-fighting drugs.

A quirk of nomenclature originates in the study of insect cells.

The authors of a new history of humanity's relationship with the environment detail how climate change fits into the equation.

A new book traces the surprisingly short history of the environment as a shared conceptual construct.

James Kirkham Ramsbottom saved Britain’s daffodil industry from a devastating parasite, only to be forgotten.

Meet some of the people featured in the February 2019 issue of The Scientist.

Bacteriologist Alice Evans identified the pathogen that causes undulant fever, leading her to push for the pasteurization of milk.