The humane community is, in fact, the principal force behind the all-too-few ongoing efforts to establish and validate non-animal methodologies for research and testing. Pressure from animal advocates on the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrancy Association and its member organizations resulted in founding and maintaining the Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animals Testing (see The Scientist, December 15, 1986, p. 6). The American Fund for Alternatives to Animal Research (AFAAR) has established summer programs for students of the biological sciences in innovative techniques to improve the quality of research efforts while minimizing pain and stress to other animals. AFAAR has also funded many other programs, the most recent leading to new tests for the efficacy of polio vaccines that do not require animal testing.
My own organization, the National Anti-Vivisection Society, together with the American Anti-Vivisection Society and the New England Anti-Vivisection Society, has founded the International Foundation for Ethical ...
