The approach could help test hypotheses about how atypical function of the brain’s immune cells contributes to autism.

Low participant numbers render the results of many studies based on brain scans unreliable, an analysis finds.

A study shows that a molecule produced by intestinal microbes can enter the brain and that its presence is also associated with altered brain connectivity.

The genes are involved in pacing the development of inhibitory and excitatory neurons. An imbalance in these two types of signaling is thought to play a role in autism.

The finding may help to explain why people with SYNGAP1 mutations tend to have learning difficulties and a high tolerance for pain.

Researchers who spoke with Spectrum say that while brain imaging tools have their limitations, they still hold promise in helping to unlock the brain’s secrets.