Billion dollar babies of the human genome

The Human Genome Project has generated nearly $800 billion in economic output and hundreds of thousands of jobs in genomics and related industries

Written byJef Akst

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The Human Genome Project (HGP) deciphered the entirety of the human genetic code in just over a decade. Though science and medicine will take some time to sift through all of this information and make hay of it, the project, which cost US taxpayers nearly 4 billion dollars, has already had a tangible impact on the US economy by jumpstarting the booming genomics industry.

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Along with all of the supporting suppliers and technology companies, the industry has spawned hundreds of thousands of jobs and helped drive a total economic impact of nearly $800 billion, according to a study released yesterday (May 10) by Battelle, an independent science and technology research and development organization."I can't imagine a scientific undertaking sponsored by the federal government that has had this kind of fundamental impact and drive on the US economy," said Simon Tripp of linkurl:Battelle,;http://www.battelle.org/ the report's primary author. While it is impossible to attribute the entirety of the genomics and genomics-enabled industries to the HGP, he added, the overwhelming consensus among those in the field is that it was fundamental to their growth. "If you talk to people in the industry, they all say the HGP was foundational in building the genomics industry. You wouldn't be able say that the entire internet is because of DARPA's original expenditures in the ARPANET, but it was certainly foundational in its creation.""I don't think we can quantify it exactly," agreed linkurl:Donna Arnett,;http://diabetes.dom.uab.edu/faculty/arnett-donna.html a genome scientist at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and president elect of the American Heart Association, but "without [the HGP], it wouldn't have happened."The US government poured a total of $3.8 billion into the HPG between 1988 and 2003 -- an investment that has returned 10-fold just considering the $49 billion in taxes paid by genomics-enabled industries. In total, the genomics industry and the other industries it supports have generated $796 billion in economic output since the inception of the HGP -- a return on investment of 141 to 1. In other words, for every $1 of federal HGP funding, $141 have reentered in the economy. "That's a pretty amazing return on investment," National Institutes of Health director Francis Collins told The Scientist in an email. "From the 15,000 fold drop in the cost of DNA sequencing to the increasing use of personalized medicine and pharmacogenomics, this study demonstrates that the human genome project has indeed been transformative."The project also generated 3.8 million job-years of employment (310,000 jobs in 2010 alone) and led to nearly $250 billion in personal income -- an average of $63,700 in personal income per job-year. "The public understands that the economic value of medical and health research is tremendous for the United States," linkurl:Mary Woolley,;http://www.researchamerica.org/mary_woolley president and CEO of Research!America, said in an email. "I hope that our nation's elected officials take heed of the value demonstrated by the Battelle report issued today to reassess any plans to cut research in the FY2012 budget."Correction: This story has been updated from its original version to correctly state that Donna Arnett is the president elect of the entire American Heart Association. The Scientist regrets the error.
**__Related stories:__***linkurl:First ancient human sequenced;http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/display/57140/
[10th February 2010]*linkurl:Structural variations common in human genome;http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/36731/
[22nd November 2006]*linkurl:The Human Genome Project +5;http://www.the-scientist.com/article/display/23065
[1st February 2006]

Meet the Author

Jef Akst

Jef (an unusual nickname for Jennifer) got her master’s degree from Indiana University in April 2009 studying the mating behavior of seahorses. After four years of diving off the Gulf Coast of Tampa and performing behavioral experiments at the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga, she left research to pursue a career in science writing. As The Scientist's managing editor, Jef edited features and oversaw the production of the TS Digest and quarterly print magazine. In 2022, her feature on uterus transplantation earned first place in the trade category of the Awards for Excellence in Health Care Journalism. She is a member of the National Association of Science Writers.

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