We asked our readers with postgraduate degrees how long they spent in postgraduate education and in postdoc positions; 215 responded. The average time spent in postgraduate study, which varies by country, was 4.9 years. Students in both the UK and Germany devote an average of 3.5 years; in the United States and Canada, the average is 5.5 years.

The vast majority, 83%, went on to nontenured or nonpermanent positions--mostly postdocs--after completing their formal education. Those who finished their postdocs spent an average of 4.9 years, with 16% taking eight years or more to do so. "Sometimes it seems endless, but I see the light at the end of the dark, dark tunnel," said one respondent.

The tunnel's gotten longer: Time spent in postdoc positions is growing. Those who finished before 1990 spent an average of 3.6 years in that position; the average has since grown...

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