Modern-day populations in India descend from a mixture of peoples living thousands of years ago in South and Central Asia, including the Bronze-Age Indus Valley Civilization, two studies reveal.

Theodosius Dobzhansky’s work in population genetics influenced how genetics and natural selection were combined in evolutionary biology.

Human remains around Roopkund Lake in India bear South Asian, East Asian, and Mediterranean ancestry.

Scientists extracted 4,500-year-old yeast from Egyptian pottery to use in breadmaking.

Robert Guthrie’s blood test for the metabolic disorder phenylketonuria launched a worldwide movement to screen every baby for the disease soon after birth.

From an excavation of a site called Çatalhöyük, in modern-day Turkey, scientists recover preserved whipworm eggs—a sign of settling down and living in close quarters.

Lymph from cattle proved more effective at inducing immunity to smallpox than the older, person-to-person method.

Treating the microbial community residing on a painting with probiotics may offer a way to stave off biodegradation, a study suggests.

A mandible dating to 160,000 years ago is the first evidence of Denisovan hominins outside the Russian cave where they were first discovered in 2010.