Dyck was widely respected for working alongside indigenous groups as he studied polar bears on their ancestral lands.

In addition to isolating the first protein-coding gene from a eukaryote, Kedes furthered scientists’ understanding of actin genes and also laid the foundations for modern DNA databases such as GenBank.

Brock’s discovery of a thermophile bacteria at Yellowstone National Park in 1966 eventually enabled the development of PCR.

Research by the Stanford University School of Medicine professor revealed how newly formed strings of amino acids fold into complex three-dimensional shapes.

A physician and neurobiologist at the Rockefeller University who specialized in addiction research, Kreek was best known for her work on developing the treatment for heroin addiction.

The cancer researcher and executive vice president of AstraZeneca’s oncology research and development is well known for his role in the development of pivotal breast cancer therapies.

Wolpert, who conducted research at University College London, was known for his work on morphogenesis and pattern development in embryos and for his multiple books and broadcast appearances.

The oncologist developed lifesaving childhood leukemia treatments and revolutionized chemotherapy.

His career was dedicated to understanding and protecting frog populations.