The Tufts University biologist and physician sounded the alarm on the effects of antibiotic use in animals.

He led the National Library of Medicine for 31 years and oversaw the implementation of PubMed, MedlinePlus, and the National Center for Biotechnology Information.

The Northwestern University professor developed surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, an invaluable technique for detecting and identifying individual molecules.

The Nobel laureate was a proponent of LSD, a consultant for O.J. Simpson’s legal defense, and the creator of a company that infused jewelry with celebrities’ DNA.

Leonard Dyck is remembered for sharing his passion for plants with students at the University of British Columbia.

He was involved in the first identification and classification of sleep disorders and outlined protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnea.

The Johns Hopkins University researcher’s work helped solidify the link between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer, leading to the approval of the HPV vaccine in 2006.

She conducted innovative research in mutagenesis and teratogenesis related to radiation and chemical exposures, identifying risks to fetuses.

He was the cofounder of the Hastings Center and wrote nearly 50 books on topics including abortion, aging, and medical progress.