In some finch species, the difference between colorful males and muted females comes down to one gene, BCO2, which encodes an enzyme that degrades carotenoids.

As male Drosophila grow old, selfish genetic elements that are abundant on the Y chromosome become more active, which appears to reduce longevity.

A study finds improvement in the proportion of scientific projects that include both sexes, but analyzing results by sex is not routine.

Emerging data as well as knowledge from the SARS and MERS coronavirus outbreaks yield some clues as to why SARS-CoV-2 affects some people worse than others.

The molecular processes that lead males to be more susceptible to the disease are only beginning to come to light.

Men’s pain tolerance decreases when exposed to a setting where they’ve previously had a painful experience.

Controversy surrounding a mathematical model to explain the so-called “greater variability of males” hypothesis fells two versions of a paper—but critics of the work wish it were still published.

Research into the biological basis of gender identity is in its infancy, but clues are beginning to emerge.

Researchers are beginning to tease apart the mechanisms underlying differences in how males and females respond to powerful painkillers.