Researchers say the skull belongs to an Australopithecus species once thought to be a predecessor to “Lucy,” but now that relationship is murky.

Detailed imaging of the rodent central nervous system reveals new information about the route cerebrospinal fluid takes to leave the brain.

Head wounds in the fossilized skull of a Paleolithic man suggest foul play.

The DNA of a whale shows its father was a beluga and its mother was a narwhal.

Genetic information from dozens of individuals living 700 to 10,000 years ago reveals connections between Clovis and Native Americans and South Americans.

Prehistoric Andeans seemed especially fond of trepanation—holes drilled in the skull as a treatment for various ills.

The function of early hominins’ enlarged brow ridges, and their reduction in size in Homo sapiens, have puzzled paleoanthropologists for decades.

Scientists have identified a new genus of extinct horse that lived in North America during the last ice age. 

Ancient bones of the newly described toothless, stout-nosed dolphin Inermorostrum xenops suggest that it slurped its food.