Are SNPs useful?

In the April Nature Genetics, Marth et al. ask the question how useful are the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) available in the public-access databases (Nature Genetics 2001, 27:371-372). The public database dbSNP currently holds over 2.8 million SNPs, but as few as 15% have been proven to be genuinely polymorphic. Marth et al. performed two pilot studies to test the genetic utility of candidate SNPs. They analysed over 1200 candidate SNPs and tested their frequency in three ethnic groups (Caucasian, Chinese and African) using a pooled DNA sequencing approach. Almost 80% of the candidates were found to be polymorphic. And about half of the SNPs were common within the three populations (with a minor allele frequency of >20%). Hence SNPs within the dbSNP database can be used with a high degree of confidence that they will be informative.