The shotgun approach, typically thought to be the superior method, may substantially underestimate diversity in environments that have not already been classified, researchers find.
When road deicing salt enters freshwater ecosystems, prey species such as Daphnia pulexcan rapidly evolve tolerance to the contaminant, buffering their local food webs from the impacts of salination.
A new report estimates that human activities as well as other factors are threatening 20 percent of all invertebrate species, including corals and freshwater snails.