Three members of a gene family called NOTCH2NL may have been involved in the evolution of humans’ big cortex.

Brain organoids engineered to carry the genetic material could reveal how our brains are similar to and different from those of our closest relatives.

DNA analysis gives clues to how the ancient hominin’s population split and how they interacted with modern humans.

The animal pictures and hand stencils were made in caves in Spain thousands of years before Homo sapiens arrived in Europe.

The find is estimated to be at least 177,000 years old.

A new study reveals how Neanderthal DNA in the genomes of present-day British people influences their traits.

Eighty years ago, a Neanderthal femur dating back more than 120,000 years was recovered from a Southwestern Germany cave. Now, the ancient bone reveals new clues about the bedfellows of human ancestors. 

Mitochondrial DNA in Neanderthal bone suggests humans first left Africa earlier than previously thought.

Ancient hominins in northern Spain ate mushrooms, pine nuts, and moss, and may have used Penicillium mold and other natural products to sooth toothache pain.