July 2011

Eleanor Simpson, a neuroscientist at Columbia University Medical Center, discusses a recent Nature paper that probes dopamine's role in helping animals make positive associations to stimuli that herald pleasurable outcomes (such as the handing out of food).

This animation illustrates optogenetics—a radical new technology for controlling brain activity with light. 

Take a tour of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), whose ultra-powerful X-ray beam is being used to solve the structures of proteins that are notoriously hard to crystallize.

How cognitive prejudices can influence research decisions, and how the pitfalls of human nature can be avoided.

Why we love our jobs—there’s never a dull moment.

Doing science sustainably

Editor’s Choice in Structural Biology

Editor’s Choice in Immunology

Editor’s choice in microbiology

The story of the US government’s efforts to stamp out smallpox in the early 20th century offers insights into the science and practice of mass vaccination.

A virtual lab—where all sorts of parameters are monitored and recorded—promises researchers a higher degree of reproducibility.

July 2011's selection of notable quotes

Studying the earliest events in visual development, Carla Shatz has learned the importance of looking at one’s data with open eyes—and an open mind.

New strategies are needed to address the current and future shortages of radioisotopes that threaten medical research and treatment.

Member, Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Age: 38

The discovery of a new and mysterious form of radiation in the late 19th century led to a revolution in medical imaging.

A powerful new X-ray–generating laser is imaging smaller crystals than ever before.

Meet some of the finalists of this year's Best Places to Work in Academia survey. 

Meet some of the people featured in the July 2011 issue of The Scientist.