The antimicrobial drug neomycin protects mice from some viral infections, complicating the picture of the relationship between antibiotics and susceptibility to viruses.

Interbreeding with Neanderthals appears to have reintroduced genetic sequences related to innate immunity that had been lost as humans migrated out of Africa. 

Certain immune cells surrounding the organ appear to block viral entry.

The maternal gut microbiome guides neo- and postnatal immune system development, a mouse study shows. 

Endogenous retroviruses in the human genome can regulate genes involved in innate immune responses.

Dictyostelium discoideum produce extracellular nets that can kill bacteria, just as phagocytes in people and other higher animals do, according to a study.

Neanderthals and Denisovans contributed innate immune genes to modern humans, scientists show.

When influenza invades the mouse respiratory tract, neutrophils guide the subsequent T-cell attack on infected tissue, scientists show.  

A scaffolding protein forms the hub of a newly identified immune pathway in plants.

Microorganisms continually challenge our assumptions of what life can achieve.