While neutrophil extracellular traps help guard the body from infection, they also can contribute to a range of diseases.

Molecules produced by resident bacteria and their hosts may signal immune cells to attack the body’s own tissues.

T cells modified to target disease-contributing B cells improved survival in two mouse models of the autoimmune disease.

The National Institutes of Health is partnering with 10 drug companies to find new treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus.

A list of this year’s newsworthy successes—and failures—in drug development