Robert Ryan was forced to resign from the University of Dundee in 2016 following an investigation of misconduct.

Ching-Shih Chen’s research involved anticancer therapeutics that were being tested in clinical trials.

Making the list: a journal breaks a retraction record, Nobel laureates Do the Right Thing, and Seinfeld characters write a paper 

The group calls for the retraction of six publications by surgeon Paolo Macchiarini regarding the synthetic trachea transplantations that led to the death of at least three patients. 

Scientific misconduct motivated Yoshihiro Sato’s three additional retractions last month; his institution doesn’t respond. 

Authors of rescinded papers see a 10 percent to 20 percent decline in citation rates for their other publications. 

Several initiatives aim to improve research integrity in the country, but recent high-profile cases of misconduct highlight a lingering problem.

A look at this year’s most memorable retractions

Springer Nature pulls 58 articles in one fell swoop, citing plagiarism and authorship manipulation, among other things.