Top 7 in immunology

linkurl:1. Tracking B-cell movement;http://f1000.com/6837956?key=g8f7jn6yc79cycx By applying GFP technology in a new way, authors tracked B-cell maturation in the lymph nodes as the cells move from an area of rapid proliferation to an area where B cells that produce the best antibodies are selected, and back again, and found an essential role of T helper cells in this transition. G.D. Victora et al., "Germinal center dynamics revealed by multiphoton microscopy with a photoactivatable fluorescent reporter," linkurl:__Cell,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/21074050?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 143:592-605, 2010. Evaluated by Jacques Deguine and Philippe Bousso, Inst Pasteur, France; Yinan Wang and Deepta Bhattacharya, Washington Univ in St. Louis; Naomi Harwood and Facundo Batista, London Res Inst, Cancer Res UK; Kai-Michael Toellner, Univ Birmingham, UK. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/6837956?key=g8f7jn6yc79cycx linkurl:2. Worm infections;http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/57957/ The first naturally occurring virus infection in C. elegans provides researchers with a genetically tractable model for studying virus-host interactions, innate immunity and the evolution of small RNA viral defenses.

Caenorhabditis elegans
Image: Wikimedia commons, Giac83

M.A. F?lix et al., "Natural and experimental infection of caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses," linkurl:__PLoS Biol,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/21283608?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 9:e1000586, 2011. Evaluated by Benjamin Podbilewicz, Technion- Israel Inst of Tech, Israel; Jean-Luc Imler, Univ de Strasbourg, France; Morris F Maduro, Univ California Riverside. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/8024962?key=z0zwwm87jw42ztf linkurl:3. Immune battle by suicide;http://f1000.com/6275956?key=3w8cs548zw610j1 Macrophages infected with Salmonella have an unusual way of killing the pathogen -- they initiate cell suicide, releasing the bacteria, along with inflammatory cytokines, into the extracellular matrix where neutrophils and other immune cells attack them. E.A.Miao et al., "Caspase-1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria," linkurl:__Nat Immunol,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/21057511?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 11:1136-42, 2010. Evaluated by Sun Mi Choi and Jay Kolls, Lousianna State Univ Health Sci Cen; Volker Briken and David Mosser, Univ of Maryland; Jordan Wesolowski and Fabienne Paumet, Jefferson Medical College; Sebastian Winter and Andreas Baumler, Univ of California, Davis; Nobuhiko Kayagaki, Kim Newton and Vishva Dixit, Genentech. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/6275956?key=3w8cs548zw610j1 linkurl:4.Identifying the unknown;http://f1000.com/7792962?key=dx0nw38p878tf3l Researchers present a novel method for identifying antibody biomarkers for diseases without known antigens. The technique, which involves searching for antibodies that bind to various synthetic molecules, may prove useful for identifying diagnostic markers in a wide variety of diseases. M.M. Reddy, et al., "Identification of candidate IgG biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease via combinatorial library screening," linkurl:__Cell,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/21215375?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 144:132-42, 2011. Evaluated by Angela Vincent, John Radcliffe Hosp, Univ Oxford; Robert Powers, University of Nebraska; Soumitra Ghosh and Kavita Shah, Purdue Univ; Ivan Gerling, Univ Tennessee Health Sci Cen; David Holtzman, Wash Univ School of Med. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/7792962?key=dx0nw38p878tf3l linkurl:5. Mitochondria cause inflammation;http://f1000.com/2411956?key=twklz4nb2vf24wm Innate immune receptors that initiate inflammation in response to bacterial fragments also appear to respond to mitochondrial DNA, which is released into the blood during tissue injury -- an observation possibly linked to the organelle's bacterial origins -- could explain the whole-body inflammation that occurs when mitochondria-rich organs like the heart are damaged. Q. Zhang et al., "Circulating mitochondrial DAMPs cause inflammatory responses to injury," linkurl:__Nature,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/20203610?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 464:104-7, 2010. Evaluated by Ramzi Fattouh and John Brumell, The Hosp for Sick Children, Canada; Robert Sapolsky, Stanford Univ; Tullio Pozzan, Univ of Padova, Italy; Andrew S Neish, Emory Univ Sch Med; Rajarshi Mukherjee and David Criddle, Liverpool Univ, UK; George Hasko, Univ Med and Dentistry of New Jersey. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/2411956?key=twklz4nb2vf24wm linkurl:6. IL-7 jump starts inflammation;http://f1000.com/8506956?key=y4cc31bm6t7t4c5 While the body often stops responding to chronic viral infections, interleukin 7 (IL-7) can rejuvenate the immune system by activating the cytokine signaling that is repressed by the a genetic switch SOCS3, and by increasing the production of IL-22, a cytokine that protects organs like the liver and gut from damage, suggesting IL-7 may be useful in anti-viral therapies for chronic infections like HIV. M. Pellegrini et al., "IL-7 Engages Multiple Mechanisms to Overcome Chronic Viral Infection and Limit Organ Pathology," linkurl:__Cell,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/21295337?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 144:601-13, 2011. Evaluated by Raphaelle Parker and Irini Sereti, NIAID; Tobias Boettler and Matthias von Herrath, La Jolla Inst for Allergy and Immunology; Barry Rouse, Univ Tennessee. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/8506956?key=y4cc31bm6t7t4c5 linkurl:7. Basophils not so necessary;http://f1000.com/5162972?key=22d99m8dpk8g055 Despite the importance of basophils, a type of white blood cell, in protecting the body against parasitic worms and chronic allergic inflammation, researchers have found that T helper cells can respond effectively to allergens and worms without activation by basophils. C. Ohnmacht et al., "Basophils orchestrate chronic allergic dermatitis and protective immunity against helminths," linkurl:__ Immunity,__;http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/20817571?dopt=Abstract&holding=f1000%2Cf1000m 33(3):364-74, 2010. Evaluated by Avinash Bhandoola, Univ Penn; Luz Garcia-Hernandez, Javier Rangel-Moreno and Troy Randall, Univ Rochester; James Hewitson and Rick Maizels, University of Edinburgh, UK; Richard L Stevens, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Daniel Mucida and Hilde Cheroutre, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology. linkurl:Free F1000 Evaluation;http://f1000.com/5162972?key=22d99m8dpk8g055 The F1000 Top 7 is a snapshot of the highest ranked articles from a 30-day period on Faculty of 1000 Immunology, as calculated on March 3, 2010. Faculty Members evaluate and rate the most important papers in their field. To see the latest rankings, search the database, and read daily evaluations, visit linkurl:http://f1000.com.;http://f1000.com
**__Related stories:__***linkurl:Top 7 in molecular biology;http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/58033/
[1st March 2011]*linkurl:Top 7 in biochemistry;http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/57995/
[21st February 2011]*linkurl:Top 7 in immunology;http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/57977/
[8th February 2011]

Top 7 in immunology

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