
September 2020
Human Paths
Archaeology and genetics are starting to resolve humanity’s origin and spread
Features

The Peopling of South America
Scientist To Watch

Ibrahim Cissé’s Tools Provide a Lens to Watch RNA Production
The MIT physicist has demonstrated the importance of clusters of RNA polymerase and other transcription mediators in regulating RNA production.
Foundations

Coronavirus Closeup, 1964
Electron microscopy revealed that a deadly disease of birds was not a form of flu, but a different type of virus entirely.
The Literature

The Gene that Makes Female Birds Drab
In some finch species, the difference between colorful males and muted females comes down to one gene, BCO2, which encodes an enzyme that degrades carotenoids.

Long-Lasting Wound Infections Linked to Microbes and Genetics
Two gene variations might help explain why some people experience chronic wounds.

New RNA-Based Tool Could Assess Preeclampsia Risk
Transcripts circulating in the blood provide real-time information about maternal, fetal, and placental health.
Infographics

Infographic: Dialing Down the Glitz
The gene BCO2 enables male and female members of some bird species to display dramatically different color patterns.

Infographic: South America’s Early Prehistory
Genetics and archaeology yield clues as to when humans first arrived on the continent and how these early settlers lived.

Infographic: Meet Your Ancient Ancestors and Relatives in Africa
Modern human genomes and bones left behind from ancient hominins in Africa tell a complex story about the origins of our species.

Infographic: Anatomical Construction by Cell Collectives
Understanding this complex and still largely enigmatic process will pave the way for researchers to control the development of new morphologies.
Reading Frames

Opinion: Zoology’s Racism Problem
A new book explores the history of scientists’ efforts to classify living things.
Careers

Science and Policy Collide During the Pandemic
COVID-19 has laid bare some of the pitfalls of the relationship between scientific experts and policymakers—but some researchers say there are ways to make it better.
Editorial

Back to School
Many US educational institutions, from preschools to universities, are opening this fall in the midst of a global pandemic that threatens much more than our health.
Notebook

Ancient Grains Hint at Prehistoric Beer Brewing
Microscopic analysis of charred, shapeless lumps from archaeological sites revealed ancient cereal grains that may have undergone malting to make beer.

Study Tracks Geographical Gene Flow and Ancestry in the US
The analysis adds new details to the picture of migration and mixing in a diverse country.
Contributors

Contributors
Meet some of the people featured in the September 2020 issue of The Scientist.
Speaking of Science

Ten Minute Sabbatical
Take a break from the bench to puzzle and peruse.