Since their discovery in 2006, induced pluripotent stem cells have been poised to reprogram regenerative medicine. Twelve years on, here’s how far they’ve come.

This is the first time researchers have tested the use of the reprogrammed stem cells in the human brain.

Without knowing the cells’ mechanism of action, researchers question the best way to administer them to patients.

Surgeons will inject approximately 5 million dopamine-producing progenitor cells into patients’ brains.

Stem cells and cancer cells have enough molecular similarities that the former can be used to trigger immunity against the latter.

Researchers use the technique to turn on Oct4 or Sox2 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and convert them into pluripotent cells. 

Michael Christman oversaw the organization’s well-known biobank and pioneered a personalized medicine initiative.

Combining gene editing and stem-cell induction improves efficiency of functional genetic analyses.

Simultaneous exposure to reprogramming and gene-editing plasmids efficiently produces edited pluripotent colonies.