Cryo-electron tomography reveals how Salmonella sets up physical interactions with host cells.

Using his expertise in microbiology and bioinformatics, he is bringing a new understanding to microbial immune systems.

The recent expansion of large-scale scientific drilling programs, combined with intensified efforts to take advantage of existing portals into the crust, has led to an explosion of research on the deep biosphere.

The genetically engineered probiotic, already in clinical trials, may ease patients’ strict dietary regimes.

Identifying microbes from Earth that can survive on spacecraft may help scientists eliminate them from future space missions and from searches for extraterrestrial life.

Shapiro helped to found the field of systems biology.

Phages that die during bacterial invasion help other viruses defeat the microbes’ immune responses.

Soil scientists use a gas-producing reporter system to assess gene activity in bacteria.

Identification of new archaea species elucidates the domain’s unique  biology and sheds light on its relationship to eukaryotes.