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Artist’s rendering of various orange and pink colored bacteria
Q&A: What if Immune Cells Don’t Actually Detect Viruses and Bacteria?
The Scientist spoke with Jonathan Kagan about his idea that immune cells respond to “errors” made by unsuccessful pathogens, not the pathogens themselves.
Q&A: What if Immune Cells Don’t Actually Detect Viruses and Bacteria?
Q&A: What if Immune Cells Don’t Actually Detect Viruses and Bacteria?

The Scientist spoke with Jonathan Kagan about his idea that immune cells respond to “errors” made by unsuccessful pathogens, not the pathogens themselves.

The Scientist spoke with Jonathan Kagan about his idea that immune cells respond to “errors” made by unsuccessful pathogens, not the pathogens themselves.

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cancer immunotherapy
An artist’s rendition of transcription inside a nucleus
Hypertranscription by Tumors Is Linked to Poorer Cancer Outcomes: Study
Sophie Fessl, PhD | Dec 13, 2022 | 3 min read
The extent to which transcription is higher in tumor cells than in surrounding nontumor cells is associated with bad prognoses in several cancer types.
illustration of blue cells with exosomes budding off of them and floating away
Nanoparticles Spur Mouse Immune System to Attack Cancer
Shafaq Zia | Sep 13, 2022 | 2 min read
A study finds that engineered exosomes are effective in mice, but their potential use in humans raises safety questions.  
Proteomics: Pushing Towards Single-Cell Resolution
Proteomics: Pushing Towards Single-Cell Resolution
The Scientist’s Creative Services Team | 1 min read
Learn how the latest single-cell proteomics technology is revolutionizing protein analysis and driving research progress.
salmonella bacteria 3d illustration
Salmonella Injection Helps the Mouse Immune System Kill Tumors
Dan Robitzski | May 16, 2022 | 3 min read
Nanoparticle-coated bacteria can capture tumor antigens and deliver them to immune cells, triggering a response that improved survival rates in mice.
Illustration showing how following radiation therapy, which triggers the release of cancer-specific antigens, researchers injected Salmonella typhimurium bacteria covered in positively charged nano- particles near tumors in mice.
Infographic: Salmonella Shuttle Tumor Antigens to Immune Cells
Dan Robitzski | May 16, 2022 | 1 min read
Nanoparticle-coated bacteria carry cancer-derived proteins to dendritic cells, enabling the immune system to launch a response in a mouse model.
3-D image of a tumor
Cancer Cells Go Incognito to Cause Therapy Relapse
Niki Spahich, PhD | 4 min read
Dormant cancer cells and dysfunctional immune cells living together in a tumor niche form a therapy-resistant reservoir.
A stained tissue sample of metastatic pancreatic cancer
Tetanus Immunity Protects Mice Against Pancreatic Cancer
Amanda Heidt | Mar 24, 2022 | 3 min read
Because most people are vaccinated against tetanus as children, delivering benign bacteria carrying a tetanus antigen into pancreatic tumors makes them visible to memory cells in the immune system, researchers report.
Salmonella (pink) invading a human epithelial cell (yellow)
Modified Salmonella Revs Immune Response, Combats Tumors in Mice
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Feb 3, 2022 | 5 min read
When coated with positively charged particles, the bacteria shuttled antigens out of tumors and activated the immune system, a study finds.
Reinvigorating the Immune System to Attack Cancer Cells Using Highly Specific Antibodies
Reinvigorating the Immune System to Attack Cancer Cells Using Highly Specific Antibodies
Fortis Life Sciences | 3 min read
Cancer immunotherapy targets the tumor microenvironment, blocking the molecular pathways that tumors exploit to prevent immune cell activity.
knitted pink heart with a mended hole
CAR T Cells Mend Broken Mouse Hearts
Sophie Fessl, PhD | Jan 6, 2022 | 4 min read
Specialized immune cells generated in vivo reduce cardiac scar tissue in mice, a new study shows.
Illustration of clear cells with orange nuclei, Toxoplasma gondii, on colorful background
Turning Toxoplasma Against Cancer
Annie Melchor | Jan 3, 2022 | 9 min read
Several research groups have found that Toxoplasma gondii infection can ramp up antitumor immune responses in mice. Can the single-cell parasite be used to develop safe treatments for humans?
800x560 istock image
Training Immune Cells to Be Cancer Killers
Aparna Nathan | 4 min read
A career-altering experience as a cancer patient motivated one researcher to design more potent immunotherapies.
fingertips with pills on them
Over-the-Counter Antihistamines Could Help Against Cancer
Alejandra Manjarrez, PhD | Nov 24, 2021 | 3 min read
The binding of histamine with one of its receptors within the tumor environment makes cancer cells more resistant to immunotherapy, according to a new study. Blocking that binding could improve responses to treatment.
brain scan showing uptake of tratuzumab into tumor (arrow)
Sound Waves Aid Brain Tumor Treatment
Ruth Williams | Oct 13, 2021 | 3 min read
In a small clinical study, focusing ultrasound beams on tumors in patients’ brains helped open the blood-brain barrier to facilitate drug delivery.
istock image 800x560
Can mRNA Vaccine Momentum Propel Tumor Immunotherapies?
Aparna Nathan | 4 min read
A guide to mRNA-based cancer vaccines and where they’re headed next
CAR Macrophages Tackle Challenges in Solid Cancer Treatment
Amanda Heidt | Mar 26, 2021 | 6 min read
Following on the success of CAR T cells used to treat cancers of the blood, researchers have launched a Phase 1 clinical trial of genetically modified macrophages to target solid tumors.
an illustration of a mix of different bacteria
Fecal Transplant Could Boost Immunotherapy to Treat Melanoma
Shawna Williams | Feb 12, 2021 | 4 min read
The results from two Phase 1 trials bolster the case that the gut microbiome plays a role in response to the drugs.
Boosting CAR T Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors
The Scientist Creative Services Team in Collaboration with IsoPlexis | 1 min read
Katie McKenna will discuss how oncolytic viral therapy enhances CAR-T cell killing of cancer cells.
CAR T cells, oncolytic virus, CD19, mouse model, solid cancer, liquid cancer, tumor, immune response, immunotherapy, T cell, treatment
Immunotherapy Combo Reduces Solid Tumors in Mice
Amanda Heidt | Sep 9, 2020 | 5 min read
When tumor cells are infected with an oncolytic virus carrying a modified CD19 gene, they become targets for CAR T cells engineered to recognize this molecular marker.
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