Shooting Down Addiction

A new breed of vaccines aims to wean users off cocaine.

Written byThomas Kosten
| 12 min read

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JON KRAUSE

Joe Clarke* has lived a tough life. Almost 50 years old, he’s used cocaine for more than half his life, and his habit has brought with it the ills that plague many drug addicts: depression, recurrent pneumonias, family disruption, unemployment, and repeated arrest and imprisonment as a result of illegal behavior. As soon as Joe made money—usually from selling drugs, robbery, shoplifting, or pimping out his various girlfriends—his addiction would rob him of it. He would sometimes spend several hundred dollars a day on cocaine. His life was a constant hustle of getting together enough money to support his addiction, while trying to avoid arrest for his illegal activities.

About 20 years ago, Joe switched from snorting coke to smoking crack and was shortly thereafter ...

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