From regulating each other’s gene expression to encoding different parts of the same proteins, the two genome types in every eukaryotic cell are far from independent.

Interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes have further-reaching effects on physiological function, adaptation, and speciation than previously appreciated.

New evidence points to a waste-clearing problem in patients’ cells, rather than the accumulation of protein tangles, as the root cause of the neurodegenerative disease.

Damage to the lysosome, the organelle that removes excess proteins, lipids, and other materials, might be at the root of the disease.

Scientists uncover a potential reason why redder house finches have better health.

The energy-producing organelles also send out parcels with antimicrobial compounds to help destroy pathogen invaders in macrophages.

From the effects of political upheaval on research to claims of gene-edited babies, the year has been a tumultuous one for the scientific community.

The recent discovery of 17 people who have inherited maternal and paternal lines of mitochondrial DNA has major ramifications for medical and ancestry research.

Researchers identify unique cases in which people inherited mitochondrial DNA not just from their mother but also from their father.